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Zwijndrecht - Volgerlanden/Walburg Project

In 2008 the tiendwegen cross is becoming mature. The common alder (Alnus glutinosa) rows flank the pathways and accentuate the cross-form of the island.

x-ing tiendwegen-kruis - volgerlanden, Zwijndrecht and Hendrik Ido Ambacht, the Netherlands commissioned Lucien den Arend to make a site specific sculptures for Zwijndrecht - Volgerlanden environmental sculpture - and for the new districts of Walburg and Volgerlanden.

Walburg Project | x-ing 1971|2002 earth, asphalt, water, meandering dike, bronze, high-tension pylon, alder and pollard willows - 136x50x19m - Zwijndrecht, NL photo©Marco de Nood

A "tiendweg" is a road on a levee.

The "tiendwegen" (no translation yet) are located mainly in the west of the Netherlands. The term levee-pathway would come the closest.

There are many theories about the original function of "tiendwegen" and on the origin of the name. A "tiendweg" is almost never "just any road": there must always be two parallel waterways with a long straight pathway or road on a levee between them.

According to some, the name "tiendweg" is derived from the tax "tenths", which was levied on the harvests. Anderen zoeken de verklaring in het i>tiïn of trekken van schepen of karren op de weg of de weteringen of in het tiïn (wegstromen) van water. Others find the term "tiïn" or drawing of ships or carts on the roads or wewaterways in "tiïn" (drainage) of water. Weer anderen verklaren de naam uit het tiendhout (of griendhout) dat op de weg of kade stond of uit de takken (tienden) die zijn gebruikt bij de aanleg van de weg. Others declare the name from the tiendhout (or griendhout = pollarded twigs or branches) which grow along the road levee or in the branches ("tienden" = tenths), which were used in the building of the roads. Ook over de ouderdom van de wegen verschillen de meningen sterk. Also, opinions differ greatly on the age of the roads. Wie heeft het bij het rechte eind? Who was right?

Er zijn nu ongeveer 55 historische tiendwegen bekend in Nederland. There are now about 55 historic "tiendwegen" known in the Netherlands. Die bevinden zich zonder uitzondering in het rivierengebied van Midden-Nederland.They are without exception located in the rivers area in central Netherlands. Ze liggen bijna allemaal binnen een kilometer afstand van een rivier en lopen daar parallel aan. They are almost all within one kilometer from a river and run parallel to it. Along the river "Hollandse IJssel" for example, there are 13, along the Lek 10. Het lijkt daarom waarschijnlijk dat tiendwegen een functie in de waterbeheersing hebben gehad, vooral in gebieden waar de afwatering problematisch werd door inklinking van de veengrond. It is therefore likely that "iendwegen" have had a function in the management of water, especially in areas where drainage problems caused by the compression or setting of peaty soils. Daarmee is de aanleg van de meeste tiendwegen te plaatsen in de tweede helft van de Middeleeuwen: tussen 1100 en 1500. This placess the construction of most #tiendwegen# in the second half of the Middle Ages: between 1100 and 1500.

(Source: landschapsbeheer)

 

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